最小化安装centos6.3
rpm -qa | grep mysql
rpm -qa | grep httpd
rpm -qa | grep php
检测系统自带mysql,httpd,php等,用rpm -e 卸载
一.安装开发包(使用默认CENTOS更新源):
# yum -y install wget gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel cmake make perl bison openssl openssl-devel gcc* libxml2 libxml2-devel curl-devel libjpeg* libpng* freetype*
#yum -y install libstdc++
二.关闭iptables和SELINUX
# service iptables stop
# setenforce 0
# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
---------------
SELINUX=disabled
---------------
三.安装mysql数据库
1.下载编译包:
#wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.13.tar.gz
2.安装前的初始配置工作:
# useradd -d /usr/local/mysql/ mysql #创建一个Mysql用户,指定家目录到/use/local目录下。
# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data
# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/log #新建mysql下data和log子目录
# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/data/
# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/log/
# chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql/data
# chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql/log #修改目录的所属者以及所属组
3.解包编译安装
# tar -zxv -f mysql-5.6.13.tar.gz
# cd mysql-5.6.13
# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=gbk \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=gbk_chinese_ci \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DWITH_SSL=yes
# make & make install
注释
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ #安装目录
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \ #Unix socket文件路径,自定义此路径防报错
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=gbk \ #默认字符
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=gbk_chinese_ci \ #校验字符
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ #安装所有扩展字符集
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #安装myisam存储引擎
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #安装innodb存储引擎
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #安装archive存储引擎
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #安装blackhole存储引擎
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #安装memory存储引擎
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 #安装frderated存储引擎
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \ #快捷键功能
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ #允许从本地导入数据
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \ #数据库存放目录
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \ #数据库属主
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \ #数据库端口
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \ #MySQL配辑文件
-DWITH_SSL=yes #数据库SSL
4.编写mysql配置项:
# vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysql]
# CLIENT #
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
# GENERAL #
user = mysql
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
pid_file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
# MyISAM #
key_buffer_size = 32M
myisam_recover = FORCE,BACKUP
# SAFETY #
max_allowed_packet = 16M
max_connect_errors = 1000000
skip_name_resolve
sql_mode = STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_ZERO_DATE,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY
sysdate_is_now = 1
innodb = FORCE
innodb_strict_mode = 1
# DATA STORAGE #
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
# BINARY LOGGING #
log-bin =/usr/local/mysql/log/bin.log
expire_logs_days = 30
sync_binlog = 1
# CACHES AND LIMITS #
key_buffer = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 16M
read_buffer_size = 4M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
thread_stack = 8M
tmp_table_size = 32M
max_heap_table_size = 32M
query_cache_type = 1
query_cache_size = 128M
query_cache_limit = 2M
max_connections = 2048
thread_cache_size = 512
open_files_limit = 65535
table_definition_cache = 1024
table_open_cache = 2048
# INNODB #
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_log_file_size = 64M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_file_per_table = 1
# 2G这个值配置低的话建议改小即可
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G
# LOGGING #
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/log/error.log
general_log=1
general_log_file=/usr/local/mysql/log/mysql.log
slow_query_log=1
slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/mysql/log/slowquery.log
log-output=FILE
# 避免MySQL的外部锁定,减少出错几率增强稳定性 #
skip-external-locking
# 禁止sql读取本地文件 #
local-infile=0
5.将mysql的库文件路径加入系统的库文件搜索路径中
直接做软链接
# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql
6.输出mysql的头文件到系统头文件
# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql
7.进入安装路径,初始化配置脚本
# cd /usr/local/mysql
# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
8.复制mysql启动脚本到系统服务目录
# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
9.系统启动项相关配置
# chkconfig --add mysqld #添加开机启动服务
# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on #设置mysql启动
10.启动mysql
# service mysqld start
注:编译时若socket路径自定义为/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock,这里需要创建一个mysql接口的软链接,防止登陆后台或安装论坛报错.
# ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
11. 设置初始账户,并登陆后台:
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 123456 #设置密码
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p123456 #连接数据库
-----------------------------------
mysql> create database phpwind; #创建数据库
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option; #给root用户非本地链接所有权限,并改密码和赋予其给其他人下发权限.
mysql> show variables; #查看mysql设置.
-----------------------------------
注:重启MYSQL也可使用以下命令开启此服务
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/safe_mysqld
如果不设置chkconfig启动项,也可在/etc/rc.local下添加如下命令,使mysql服务利用系统启动脚本运行
# echo "/usr/local/mysql/bin/safe_mysqld --user=mysql &" >> /etc/rc.local
12 添加mysql命令集到系统全局变量
注:如果系统之前未安装mysql客户端,可以将编译好的mysql命令集导入系统全局变量
以后就可以直接使用mysql命令集,而不需要使用绝对路径访问.
# echo "PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin;export PATH" >> /etc/profile
# source /etc/profile
四.安装apache网站服务
1.pcre依赖包安装
# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/pcre/8.32/pcre-8.32.tar.gz/download
# tar -xzvf pcre-8.32.tar.gz
# cd pcre-8.32
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre
# make && make install
2.下载apache
# wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.4.3-deps.tar.bz2
# wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.4.4.tar.bz2
注:httpd-2.4.3-deps.tar.bz2已集成APR,安装apache前检查pcre是否安装成功
3.解压
# tar jxvf httpd-2.4.4.tar.bz2
# tar jxvf httpd-2.4.3-deps.tar.bz2
# cp -rf httpd-2.4.3/* httpd-2.4.4
# cd httpd-2.4.4
4.编译安装:
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --enable-so --enable-rewrite -with-mpm=worker --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre/bin/pcre-config
# make && make install
# 防止apache启动报错.
# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
------------------------
ServerName localhost:80
------------------------
5.伪装Apache版本信息
修改 include/ap_release.h文件 "Apache" 参数为 "Microsoft-IIS/5.0"
修改 os/unix/os.h文件 "Unix" 参数为 "Win32"
# cd httpd-2.4.4
# vi include/ap_release.h
#define AP_SERVER_BASEPRODUCT "Apache"
改为
#define AP_SERVER_BASEPRODUCT "Microsoft-IIS/5.0"
# vi os/unix/os.h
#define PLATFORM "Unix"
改为
#define PLATFORM "Win32"
6.启动apache
# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
设置开机启动
# echo "/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start" >> /etc/rc.local
7.配置apache:
1).禁止地址目录访问和索引:
搜索 Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
将其前面加#注释
# Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
-----------------
2).隐藏版本号:
加入以下两行:
ServerTokens ProductOnly
ServerSignature Off
------------------
在首行#!/bin/sh 下面添加:
#chkconfig:345 61 61
#description:Apache httpd
---------------
# chkconfig --add httpd
# chkconfig httpd on
# service httpd restart
五.安装php模块
# wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.30.tar.bz2
# tar -jxvf php-5.6.30.tar.bz2
# cd php-5.6.30
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5 --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/lib --with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/lib --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-gd --enable-soap --enable-sockets --enable-xml --enable-mbstring --with-png-dir=/usr/local --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local --with-curl=/usr/lib --with-freetype-dir=/usr/include/freetype2/freetype/ --enable-bcmath --enable-calendar --enable-zip --enable-maintainer-zts
# 注:其中最后一个参数--enable-maintainer-zts在安装PHP5.4最新版本时必须添加(5.3貌似不需要),表示打开PHP进程安全Thread Safe,默认不添加为NON Thread Safe,开启apache服务会报错.....(此处被坑了一下午...#$%^&*)
# make
# make install
#cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php5/lib/php.ini
3.配置APACHE的PHP模块:
编辑Apache配置文件,
# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
并添加以下一行:
--------------------------------------------
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
--------------------------------------------
并在 DirectoryIndex 一行后面加上 index.php
如果PHP无法加载,检查httpd.conf配置下是否有该行配置(默认安装PHP后会自动将该行写入)
LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so
4.测试PHP加载:
注: 编译安装的apache 网页存放路径跟rpm包安装的不一样。编译安装的路径在/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/
可添加以下内容info.php到/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/下,测试php模块是否加载.
---------------
< ?php
echo phpinfo();
?>
PHP Version 5.6.30
mysql
MySQL Support | enabled |
---|---|
Active Persistent Links | 0 |
Active Links | 0 |
Client API version | 5.6.13 |
MYSQL_MODULE_TYPE | external |
MYSQL_SOCKET | /tmp/mysql.sock |
MYSQL_INCLUDE | -I/usr/local/mysql/include |
MYSQL_LIBS | -L/usr/local/mysql/lib -lmysqlclient_r |
测试本地mysql是否正常连接
# vi /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/index.php
---------------------
< html><body><h1>The page to test mysql local connection.</h1></body></html>
< ?php
$conn=mysql_connect('localhost','root','123456');
if ($conn)
echo "<h2>Success...</h2>";
else
echo "<h2>Failure...</h2>";
?>
PHP配置项: (默认路径/usr/local/php5/lib/php.ini)
-------------------------
# 隐藏PHP版本信息:
expose_php = Off
# 关闭警告及错误信息,爆路径:
display_errors = Off
# 调整时区,防止phpinfo()函数报错.
date.timezone =PRC
# 开启php错误日志并设置路径.
log_errors = On
error_log = /usr/local/apache2/logs/php_error.log